High-speed-spindle machine



T. H. DESSEZ. men SPEED SPINDLE MACHINE.

APPLICATWH FILED OCT. H. 1911 Patented May 20, 1919,

multiple spindle machine wherein the spin-, dies run truly, smoothly and steadily, and

iwith minimum noise.

JEHIEODORE H. DESSEZ, OF WEST HAVEN. CONNECTICUT.

HIGH-SPEED-SPINDLE MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 20. 1919.

Application filed October 17, 1917. Serial No. 197,091.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l', 'lunonoun H. Dnssnz, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in West Haven, in the count of New Haven and State of Connecticut, lave invented certain new an useful Improvements in HighSpeed-Spindle Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in high-speed spindle machines, such as internal grinders, and drillin machines employing small or wire-size (rill-s, and aims to provide improvements therein.

In drilling machines employing very small size (111115 such as used in clock and watch manufacturing, it is necessary to turn the spindle carrying the drill at a high rate of rotation-as for example 50,000 to 60,000 revolutions per minute, in order to obtain the highest cutting efficienc of the drill. In grinders employing grin stones of very small diameter, it is also necessar' to turn the spindle at a very high rate 0 rotation in order to obtain an eflieient rinding ac tion, which is at a surface speed of about a mile a. minute.

In such high-speed spindle machines it is desirable to avoid excessive wear of the spindle hearings to obtain a very steady and true rotation of the spindle and to obtain an eflicient driving arrangement.

The present invention provides a spindle machine in which the wear is reduced by cmploying'a plurnlitypof rotatin spindles, one of which serves as a bearing EH another and preferably driving one spindle with reluiion to another. By driving each spindle at the same relative speed (which me be comparatively low} a very high speed 0 the spindle carrying the working tool, 2'. (1 a' multiple of the relative speed corres ondin to the number of spindles, may be 0 tainet without the speed of any one spindle in its bearing being high. For example, in a lhree-spindle machine with each spindle given a relative speed of 20,000 rotations per minute, the spindle moving at the highest speed would have an actual speed of lltitlltlfln of 50,000 rotations per minute.

' The invention further provides such a The construction is also trong and compact.

l The invention "further provides a com- :mg rings 13,- 13 are fitted on t pressed fluid drive for the spindles, and pro vides for the drivin of the spindles at different actual. speeils and npproxiunduly equal relative speeds withoutthe use of pnl leys 0r gears, or the like.

Other features of improvement will he hereinafter set forth.

An embodiment of the invention is illus' trated in the accompanying drawing.

In said drawing,-

Figure 1 isa vertical sectional view of the embodiment chosen for illustration;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line IIII, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a dovetail sectional view showing a part of the turbine driving means.

In said drawings, numeral 1 designates a suitable base or support in which is rotatably supported a hollow spindle 2. The

hollow spindle may support another hollow spindle 3, and this latter spindle may support the tool-carrying spindle 4, as illustrated. This concentrlc arrangement of the spindles provides a very steady support for t em and provides a very steady, true and smooth running device.

The spindles are preferably mounted in ball bearings, which are preferably of the self alining radial bearing type, as illustrated. To this end, bearing rings 5, 5 are fitted in the support and companion hearing rings 6, 6 are fitted on the spindle 2, be tween which rings are placed the balls. The bearin rings 6, U are spaced and held on the spindle 2 by a sleeve 7, a collar 8 and e shoulder 9 on the spindle. The spindle 2 is pitch-moldy provided with an enlargement 1r) at one end and the collar 8 is provided with a similar enlargement to provide for the reception of the hearing ri s 12, 12 of the bearing for the spindle 3. ompanion beare spindle 3. The spindle 3 is provided with an enlarged end 15, and with a collar 16 provided with a similar enlargement for the reception of the bearing rings 17, 17' of the bearings for the spindle 4. Companion bearing rings 18, 18' are mounted on the spindle 4.

The ends of the spindles 2 and 3 are pref erably prolonged and the spindle 4 is provided with a collar 20, on which collar and prolongations of the hollow spindles are formed series of turbine blades 21, 22, 23.

Over. the ends of the spindles provided with'the blades there is prcferublv provided a cap or cover 25 which may be fixed to the support or casing 1 by means of screws 26. This cover is conveniently formed w1th a conduit or passage 27 for motive fluid, such as compressed air, and this condult is provided with orifices 0r nozzles 28 for d1recting jets of compressed air into the blades 21 of the spindle 4. Projecting from the cap 25 is a series of fixed baffles 30 which direct the air jet onto the blades 22 of the spindle 3. Baliies 31 projecting from the cap 2? direct the jet onto the blades 23 on the spindle 2. The jet reaches the atmosphere through holes 33 in the cap 25.

The angle of the blades 21 connected to I the tool-carrying spindle 4 is such as to receive Inaxinflum driving force from the a r jet, as the spindle 4 must be driven with a force to overcome the resistance of the tool carried by the shaft, as well as the friction of the bearings. The arrangement of the blades 22 and 23 on the spindles 2 and 3 is such that the jet strikes the blades at a slight angle of incidence. The air also undergoes considerable expansion as 1t projects radially, and the angle of the blades 22 and 23 and the degree of expansion of the air of the jet is so chosen that the force of the air on the blades will be sufiicient to overcome the friction of the spindles 2 and 3 when turning at the relative speed desired-say 20,000 rotations per minute. The force of the air on the blades 21 connected to the tool-spindle 1 is such that at working s eed the spindle 1 will have approximate y its desired relative speed of rotation.

35, 36 designate packing rings for excluding the air jet and dust from the bearings.

40 designates a dust cap which is preferably fitted over the bearings at the front end of the machine, and referably screwed onto the casing 1, as indicated at 41. 42 designates a collar in the spindle 4 which fits closely with the cap 40 to exclude dust, etc.

The spindle 4 is shown fitted with a grinding wheel 45, but may be fitted with any other appropriate tool.

The concentric arrangement of the spindles with the tool-carrying spindle innermost is advantageous, as it permits of it having the longest bearing, 71. e., the greatest relative distance between its supports, and hence improves the steadiness and trueness of the running.

The casing 1 provides a capacious reservoir for oil which keeps the bearings well lubricated and cooled, as the parts are constructed so that the casing may be nearly filled with oil.

In some cases the inner or tool-carrying spindle alone may be driven, the other rotatable spindles being entrained by the friction of the bearings.

The inventive ideas are capable of other mechanical expressions than that herein specifically illustrated and described.

I claim as my invention l. A high speed spindle machine, comprising a tool-carrying spindle, a rotating hearing in Which said spindle turns, and a directacting motor device for driving said spindle and bearing.

2. A high speed spindle machine, (SOIDPIlS- ing a t0ol-carrying spindle, a rotating hear ing in which said spindle turns, said spindle and bearing having turbine blades connected thereto.

3, A high speed spindle machine, comprising a tool-carrying spindle, a rotating bearing in .which said spindle turns, and a compressed fluid motor for driving said spindle and bearing.

4. A high speed spindle machine, comprising a tool-carrying spindle, a rotating hearing in which said spindle turns, and a compressed fiuid motor for driving said spindle and bearing, said motor comprising blades connected to said spindle and bearing.

A high speed spindle machine, comprising a tool-carrying spindle, a rotating hearing in which said spindle turns, a compressed fluid motor for driving said spindle and bearing, said motor comprising blades connected to said spindle and bearing, and a cap fitting over said blades having deflectors therein.

6. A high' speed spindle machine, comprising a tool-carrying spindle, a rotating bearing in which said spindle turns, a compressed fluid motor for driving said s indie and bearing, said motor comprising lades connected to said spindle and bearing, and .a cap fitting over said blades having deflectors therein and attached to the base of the machine.

7. A high speed spindle machine, comprising a tool carryin'g spindle, a rotating hearing in which sa1d spindle turns, a compressed fluid motor fordriving said spindle and bearing, said motor com rising blades connected to said spindleand caring, and a nozzle adapted to project the jet first against the blades connected to the spindle, the secondary power impingement of the jet being against the blades of the rotating bearing.

8. A high speed spindle maohine,comprising a tool-carrying spindle, a rotating bearing in which said spindle turns, a com pressed fluid motor for driving said s 'nd'le and bearing, said motor com rising lades connected to said spindle and caring, and a nozzle adapted to project the jet first against the blades connected to the spindle, the arrangement of the blades on the bearing being such that the force of the jet thereon is only suflicient to overcome the resistance or friction of the-bearing at the speed at which it is intended to rotate.

-9. A high speed spindle machine comprisin a driven tool-carrying spindle and a. ryin spindle being innermost, anti-friction driven rotating hollow spindle in which said balleiu-ings between said spindles, two or tool-cerryin spindle has bearing. more sets of ball bearings beinpz provided 10. A hig 1 speed spindle machine, combetween two spindles, and means or driving prising a driven tool-carrying spindle and a said spindles. said innermost tool carryin driven rotating hollow s indle in which spindle being driven with the highest speer. said tool-cnrrying spindle zis bearing, enti- 12. A high-speed spindle machine, comfriction bells between said tool-oarrying prising a tool-carrying spindle, and one or spindle and hollow spindle, and antirid more concentric hollow spindles. said spintion bells between said hollow spindle and dles fitting one within another, the tool cal its support, said tool-carrying spindle rotatryin spindle being innermost, anti-friction ing at greater-actual speed then said hollow ballnrings between said spindles, two or spindle, the balls between the tool-carrying more sets of ball bearings being provided spindle and hollow spindle being at less between two spindles, and means for driving radius from the center of rotation than the said spindles, said innermost tflfil-C'illlylll bulls between the hollow spindle and its spindle being driven with the highest spee support. the bearings between pairs of spindles being 11. A high-speed spindle machine, COIllin different planes.

prising a tool-carrying spindle, and one or In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed more concentric hollow spindles, said spinmy name this 12th day of October 1917. dles fitting one within another, the tool car- THEODORE H. DESS ZZ. 

